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  • luqman Hakim posted an update 7 years, 6 months ago

    Journal Resume
    Women who Practice Islam Vary Widely in Reproductive Attitudes and Behaviors
    Author(s): K. Mahler
    Source: International Family Planning Perspectives, Vol. 25, No. 1 (Mar., 1999), pp. 52-53
    Published by: Guttmacher Institute
    Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2991906
    Accessed: 06-09-2016 06:25 UTC
    In predominantly muslim countries, a woman’s knowledge and use of contraceptive methods and her marital fertility differ according to whether she lives in a rural or urban area, her level of educational attainment and the degree to which she is exposed to the mass media. However, The effects of these factors vary from country to country. Thus, according to a Study conducted among Women in nine muslim countries, there is no pattern of reproductive behavior that can be considered typical of woman who practice islam. (Karim M.S.)
    The Study utilized Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data to examine The socioeconomic characteristics and the contraceptive and fertility behaviors of Women in Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Jordan, Morocco, Niger, Pakistan, Senegal, and Turkey between 1990 and 1994. Survey data were collected from women aged 10 untill younger than 50 and just from married Women only.
    Socioeconomic factors
    Women who live in rural from Indonesia 66-70%, Pakistan, Senegal, Bangladesh, and Niger more than 85%, and Egypt and Morocco 53-55%. 64-67% of Women in Turkey and Jordan were urban dwellers. In egypt and Morocco 45-47%.
    92% of women in Niger had received on formal education, 72-80% in Morocco, Pakistan, Senegal, Bangladesh, and Egypt are 45-58%. Woman who had primary education in Turkey and Indonesia more than 50%, 23-32% in Bangladesh, Egypt, and Jordan, fewer than 20% in Morocco, Pakistan and Senegal had completed their primary schooling. Attaining a secondary education was rare among women in the countries studied, typically fewer than 20% of women had done so. Only in Jordan had of majority of women (54%) received this amount of schooling.
    More than 80% of Women in Bangladesh and Niger, 63% in Senegal had married before age 17, and fewer than 10% had married after age 20. While More than 50% in the remaining Countries had married before age 18. In Egypt, Jordan, Morocco, Pakistan, and Turkey 22-28% of Women didn’t marry untill age 21 or older.
    More than 80% of Women in Egypt, Jordan, and Turkey, 29-39% in Indonesia, Pakistan, and Senegal, and fewer than 20% in Bangladesh and Niger Watch television Frequently.

    Contraceptive knowledge and use
    Knowledge of contraseptive methods was universal among Women except in Niger, Pakistan, and Senegal. In all countries, women living in urban areas were more likely to have ever used a method than were those living in rural communities In countries where a sizable proportion of women were currently practicing contraception, women relying on traditional methods typically were a fraction of all current user Women who lived in urban areas were more likely to be current contraceptive users than were those who lived in rural areas. Considerable differences in current use also were apparent according to educational attainment, particularly in countries where overall contraceptive prevalence was low.
    Marital Fertility
    Among Women aged 40-49, completed fertility bas highest in Jordan (8.3 children ever Born) and lowest in turkey (4.7 children).
    A woman’s level of educational attainment was consistently associated with her lifetime fertility: The more education a woman had received, the fewer children she was likely to have had. In Indonesia, however, these differences were minimal: Women with on Education had a lifetime fertility of 4.9 children Ever Born, 5.3 children who had a primary Education, and 4.4 who had secondary Education.
    Conclusion
    The author notes that although all nine countries included in this study have pre- dominantly Muslim populations, their social and economic development, contraceptive prevalence and family planning program effort vary widely. Thus, he adds, there is considerable variation among the countries in their success achieving fer- tility transition. The author concludes that the practice of Islam is neither a “a hin- drance nor a stimulating factor in fertili- ty decline, at the global level.”-K. Mahler