Activity

WHAT IS SOCIOLOGY? 263
recognized that the social sciences special political and economic, as well as psychology, do not treat
the phenomenon of social customs, standards and institutions as
The head of their subjects. Indeed, science is treated as
social phenomenon, if at all, only as related to a special sub-
ject-matter of each. So there has been abandoned for the impor-
tant residual problems of origin and growth of social cus-
tom, standards and institutions, and this problem should be-
came the specialized field of science that is legitimate and independent
sociology.
Sociology, like some other sciences, may
divided into two branches: pur-e sociology, namely, the theory
and sociology history (sometimes style “scientific sociol-
ogy, “but wrongly so designatd if the term implies that
Another branch is not scientific); and applied sociology, various
called social pathologies, social or economic, or social legislation
and social work.
pure sociology deals with the laws governing
origin, growth and evolution of social customs, standards and
institutions. It analyzes social phenomenon into its elements
and tried to explain the relative importance of such conditions
ing as a biological phenomenon (eg, is the standard
the inferior races as inferior original?), geographic (or,
is of a low standard due to lack of natural resources
or isolation?), engineering (or, is low because the standard
a misguided attempt to control the properties or disrupt na-
tural process standards?), and social (or, lower because
is a young race and did not have long social experience?). Thereby
in sociology as far as pure throws new light on an old problem with
assembly of biological data, geography, psychology and an-
thropology, it is synthetic; in so far as it assembles statistics
Data and reveal new and unexpected relationships, it was
productive.
applied sociology study the causes that force people
individually and collectively to live under their “normal” stand
ARDS life exemplified in applicable customs,
traditions and institutions of the time (which was analyzed and determined
by pure sociology). Therefore, studying the causes of poverty and
dependence, the causes of crime, and social causes sickness
and disease. But sociology applied also sought to find
principle (and here should borrow from pure sociology),
and to develop techniques, which, if implemented, would be good
prevent the recurrence of social pathological conditions, or

At least ease the abnormal situation. For example, the principle of
casework principles applied to the rehabilitation of the family; -individuals that
vidualization penalty to secure reforms; and was the
troduction investigation, follow-up work and ideals res-
toration for self-support, in practice poor-relief.
Briefly stated, traces of pure sociology and defines ordinary
human tendencies and standards; effort applied sociology
to preserve and re-establish them.
therefore we can define sociology as a science
origin, growth and evolution of social customs, standards and
institutions. It analyzes and defines them, and learn
causes that tend to force people under normal standards, so
showed us how to prevent recurrent deviations from these norms,
and to alleviate the abnormal condition.